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Home Analytics & Solutions Max Difference

Product Feature/Enhancement Scoring via Maximum Difference Scaling

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Have you ever had a need to understand what specific product attribute or feature your customers (and, maybe prospects) prefer or find most important? If so, you may have come to the realization (after a lengthy, costly research study) that simply rating attributes or features on a five, seven or even 10-point Likert scale will not provide clear differentiation of preference or importance among competing attributes/features.  

 

The Marketing Workshop Inc. employs Maximum Difference Scaling to answer these types of questions. Maximum Difference Scaling (commonly referred to as MaxDiff) leverages a choice-task question methodology, whereby, for example, respondents select their most and least preferred product attribute from repeated choice sets. Choice sets are presented in a strategic matter, according to a balanced design whereby all features and enhancements appear in choice sets an equal number of times (usually at least three times). On the backend of the analysis, MWI applies Bayesian statistical methods to generate a relative utility score for each attribute/feature.   

 

MaxDiff analysis offers several advantages over a typical ratings-based methodology:  

 

  • Offers better preference/importance differentiation among attributes/features, compared to Likert-based attribute/feature ratings. This is especially important if budget constraints come into play – sample sizes may be reduced without necessarily compromising the significance or robustness of MaxDiff results. 
  • Eliminates all issues related to scale bias. Scale bias occurs when one respondent may rate an attribute lower than a second respondent would, even though the two respondents’ preference or importance inclinations are the same. Scale bias is normally a significant issue when the respondent sample is diverse across countries of origin or cultures.  
  • Allows for relative statements to be made about one attribute/feature compared to another. This is accomplished through the computation of shares of preference (or importance) for each attribute/feature. For example, If feature #1 has a share of preference of 30%, and feature #2 has a share of preference of 15%, it would be appropriate to claim that feature #1 is twice as preferable as feature #2 (30/15=2).  

 

Below is an illustration of one choice set that might be part of comprehensive MaxDiff exercise consisting of multiple choice sets:

 

              Q1    

 

MaxDiff analysis can be applied to numerous research scenarios beyond product attribute preference and importance scoring, including product re-design and enhancements research, product line contraction analysis, and even as a platform for employee engagement studies, whereby employees to choose among aspects of their job they would most like and least like to change.  

 

Unlike other techniques, where a greater number of attributes/features makes analysis results less clear, MaxDiff thrives, allowing for up to 30 attributes/features within a full MaxDiff exercise. MWI has a high level of expertise in generating an optimal MaxDiff exercise design, yielding insightful and unbiased results, while minimizing the risk of respondent fatigue. 

 

For more information on how to put MaxDiff to work for your company, click here.